[doesn’t have to be worse or better, just “different” … dave mason’s song also normal curve in recent notes; each world includes both the materialistic as well as the spiritualistic]
after camera pans to ipad like the one to^nan has, the “brothers” [one, trung, is “faked” at this point in the movie] went for a drive through city street (discussing marriage proposal to one of the girls] where one can glimse of life [“it’s a different world”
A Different World | All 3 intros (Theme Songs) compared to haiti, plantation, uncle tom’s cabin, mama’s family, tom sawyer and huckle berry finn, ghettos, etc,…. for example …] like it was before the high rises went up in saigon before the bridge was build that punctuates the end of the movie where the lovers profess their loves …
The work of a Hollywood science advisor can be hard to spot. Rather than shoving science in the audience’s faces, it’s their job to make the world of a movie or TV show feel believable, from the physics of fight scenes to the theories that characters scrawl on the blackboard.
Science advisors are usually regular scientists working in fields like physics, astronomy, and chemistry; the main thing that often sets them apart from their peers is a passion for film and TV. Whether they’re meeting with actors, checking equations, or shaping plot points, here are some of the ways they contribute to your favorite pieces of pop culture.
Suicide is Painless (M.A.S.H Theme) … lots of people suggestive of di` tu+ co^ die^.p at 99 ranch today 1/22/2019 …
Through early morning fog I see
visions of the things to be
the pains that are withheld for me
I realize and I can see…
that suicide is painless
It brings on many changes
and I can take or leave it if I please.
First Las Vegas, Then Thousand Oaks. Now He Must Survive in Afghanistan. Dec. 26, 2018 Brendan Kelly, who survived both the Thousand Oaks and Las Vegas mass shootings, visited a memorial to victims at the Borderline Bar and Grill in Thousand Oaks, Calif.Emily Berl for The New York Times Brendan Kelly, who survived both the Thousand Oaks and Las Vegas mass shootings, visited a memorial to victims at the Borderline Bar and Grill in Thousand Oaks, Calif.Emily Berl for The New York Times THOUSAND OAKS, Calif. — At 22, Brendan Kelly has experienced more mass violence than anyone should face in a lifetime. He has used his 6’3” frame — twice — to protect friends during mass shootings, first in Las Vegas and then at his favorite bar in Thousand Oaks. In two weeks, he will deploy to Afghanistan for his first tour of duty as a Marine.
The game of life is hard to play
I’m gonna lose it anyway
The losing card I’ll someday lay
so this is all I have to say.
suicide is painless
It brings on many changes
and I can take or leave it if I please.
The sword of time will pierce our skins
It doesn’t hurt when it begins
But as it works its way on in
The pain grows stronger…watch it grin.
suicide is painless
It brings on many changes
and I can take or leave it if I please.
A brave man once requested me
to answer questions that are key
is it to be or not to be
and I replied ‘oh why ask me?’
suicide is painless
it brings on many changes
and I can take or leave it if I please.
…and you can do the same thing if you please……
MASH 4077 opening theme
Description Flag of the USSR Date 15 August 1980 Source http://pravo.levonevsky.org/, construction sheet: [1]. Author СССР Other versions Derivative works of this file: Communism template.svg CuartaParticiónDePolonia1939.svg Ukraine-USSR.png State Emblem of the Soviet Union.svg Colors Used colors: red rendered as RGB 205 0 0 yellow rendered as RGB 255 215 0 Soviet Union Flag Color Scheme SVG development W3C icon.svg The source code of this SVG is valid. Inkscape-yes.svg This flag was created with Inkscape. Licensing Public domain This work is not an object of copyright according to article 1259 of Book IV of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation No. 230-FZ of December 18, 2006. Shall not be objects of copyright: official documents of state government agencies and local government agencies of municipal formations, including laws, other legal texts, judicial decisions, other materials of legislative, administrative and judicial character, official documents of international organizations, as well as their official translations; state symbols and signs (flags, emblems, orders, any forms of money, and the like), as well as symbols and signs of municipal formations; works of folk art (folklore), which don’t have specific authors; news reports on events and facts, which have a purely informational character (daily news reports, television programs, transportation schedules, and the like). Coat of Arms of the Russian Federation.svg Comment – This license tag is also applicable to official documents, state symbols and signs of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (union level[1]). Warning – This license tag is not applicable to drafts of official documents, proposed official symbols and signs, which can be copyrighted. Warning – This Russian official document, state symbol or sign (postage stamps, coins and banknotes mainly) may incorporate one or more works that can be copyrightable if separated from this document, symbol or sign. In such a case, this work is not an object of copyright if reused in its entirety but, at the same time, extracting specific portions from this work could constitute copyright infringement. For example, the denomination and country name must be preserved on postage stamps. ↑ Official documents, state symbols and signs of 14 other Soviet Republics are the subject of law of their legal successors. See respective license tags. Insignia This image shows a flag, a coat of arms, a seal or some other official insignia. The use of such symbols is restricted in many countries. These restrictions are independent of the copyright status. Communist symbol Legal disclaimer This image is or contains a symbol or symbols prohibited by law in the nations mentioned below, due to (variously) representations of communism, socialism, or similar governmental structures; or of parties/organizations associated with said: Ukraine’s Verkhovna Rada Georgia’s parliament Latvia’s Saeima Lithuania’s Constitutional Court passed Article 18818 of the Code of Administrative Offences Germany’s Criminal Code §86a, referring to the “use of symbols of unconstitutional organizations” outside the contexts of “art or science, research or teaching” Indonesia’s People’s Consultative Assembly Bans no longer in effect include: Hungary: Hungarian Criminal Code 269/B.§ 1993 Moldova: LPC192/2012ro,ru Poland: Art. 256 of the Dz.U. 1997 nr 88 poz. 553 of the criminal code has removed references to imagery and now only covers promotion of communist ideas United States: had state and city laws; Supreme Court declared these unconstitutional in Stromberg v. California, 283 U.S. 359 (1931) Imagery covered may include the hammer and sickleen, red star, emblems/insignias, flags or images of leaders. This file, which was originally posted to http://pravo.levonevsky.org/, was reviewed on 11 March 2017 by the administrator or reviewer Daphne Lantier, who confirmed that it was available there under the stated license on that date.Description Let Us Beat Swords Into Plowshares statue at the United Nations Headquarters, New York City. Photograph credit: Rodsan18 Date Source This file is lacking source information. Please edit this file’s description and provide a source. Author This file is lacking author information. Licensing PD-icon.svg This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published in the United States between 1924 and 1977 without a copyright notice. See Commons:Hirtle chart for further explanation. Note that it may still be copyrighted in jurisdictions that do not apply the rule of the shorter term for US works (depending on the date of the author’s death), such as Canada (50 p.m.a.), Mainland China (50 p.m.a., not Hong Kong or Macao), Germany (70 p.m.a.), Mexico (100 p.m.a.), Switzerland (70 p.m.a.), and other countries with individual treaties. Беларуская | Čeština | Deutsch | English | Español | Français | Italiano | 日本語 | Македонски | Nederlands | Português | Русский | Slovenščina | ไทย | +/− Swords to ploughshares This article is about converting military technology. For the American veterans’ NPO, see Swords to Plowshares. Swords to ploughshares (or Swords to plowshares) is a concept in which military weapons or technologies are converted for peaceful civilian applications. The phrase originates from the Book of Isaiah: And many people shall go and say, Come ye, and let us go up to the mountain of the LORD, to the house of the God of Jacob; and He will teach us of His ways, and we will walk in His paths: for out of Zion shall go forth the law, and the word of the LORD from Jerusalem. And He shall judge among the nations, and shall rebuke many people: and they shall beat their swords into ploughshares, and their spears into pruning hooks: nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more.—Isaiah 2:3–4 The ploughshare (Hebrew: אֵת ’êṯ, also translated coulter) is often used to symbolize creative tools that benefit humankind, as opposed to destructive tools of war, symbolized by the sword (Hebrew: חֶרֶב ḥereḇ), a similar sharp metal tool with an arguably opposite use. In addition to the original Biblical Messianic intent, the expression “beat swords into ploughshares” has been used by disparate social and political groups. An ongoing example as of 2013 is the dismantling of nuclear weapons and the use of their contents as fuel in civilian electric power stations, the Megatons to Megawatts Program. Nuclear fission development, originally accelerated for World War II weapons needs, has been applied to many civilian purposes since its use at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, including electricity and radiopharmaceutical production. Biblical references This analogy is used several times in the Old Testament or Tanakh, in both directions, such as in the following verses: And he shall judge among the nations, and shall rebuke many people: and they shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruninghooks: nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more. Beat your plowshares into swords and your pruninghooks into spears: let the weak say, I am strong. And he shall judge among many people, and rebuke strong nations afar off; and they shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruninghooks: nation shall not lift up a sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more. An expression of this concept can be seen in a bronze statue in the United Nations garden called Let Us Beat Swords into Plowshares, a gift from the Soviet Union sculpted by Evgeniy Vuchetich, representing the figure of a man hammering a sword into the shape of a plowshare. Practical applications After World War II, military surplus AFVs were sometimes converted into bulldozers, agricultural, and logging tractors, as seen in the American television series Axe Men.[1] Two are currently preserved at the Swords and Ploughshares Museum in Canada.[2][3] French farmers sometimes used modified versions of the obsolete FT-17 tank, and similar vehicles, based on the T-34 tank, remain in widespread use in the former USSR.[4] Robert Crawford, a British agricultural engineer and collector of classic tractors, owns a Sherman tank that was adapted to plow Lincolnshire’s fields in response to the shortage of crawler tractors.[5] From the 1970s onwards, several anti-war musicians play guitars made from military surplus weapons. Jamaican reggae star Pete Tosh famously owned a Stratocaster built around an M-16 rifle.[6] In the present day the Escopetarra, a guitar converted from the AK-47, is the signature instrument of César López, Souriya Sunshine and Sami Lopakka of the Finnish death metal band Sentenced.[7] Nitrogen mustard, developed from the chemical weapon mustard gas developed in World War I,[8] became the basis for the world’s first chemotherapy drug, mustine, developed through the 1940s.[9] Swedish aid organization IM Swedish Development Partner launched Humanium Metal, using metal from illegal handguns to create everyday objects. First product announced was headphones by Yevo.[10] In political and popular culture Twelve term US Congressman and three time presidential candidate Ron Paul wrote a book entitled Swords into Plowshares: A Life in Wartime and a Future of Peace and Prosperity, in which he discusses growing up during World War II and living his life through war after war.[11] In his farewell address, U.S. President Dwight Eisenhower, when speaking about the military-industrial complex stated: Until the latest of our world conflicts, the United States had no armaments industry. American makers of plowshares could, with time and as required, make swords as well. But now we can no longer risk emergency improvisation of national defense; we have been compelled to create a permanent armaments industry of vast proportions. Added to this, three and a half million men and women are directly engaged in the defense establishment. We annually spend on military security more than the net income of all United States corporations. For his first and second inaugurations, U.S. President Richard Nixon took the oath of office with his hand on two family Bibles, opened to Isaiah 2:2-4.[12][13][14] In their speeches at the signing of the 1979 Egypt–Israel Peace Treaty, Jimmy Carter, Anwar Sadat, and Menachem Begin all referenced the saying in calling for peace.[15] In Ronald Reagan’s Address to the 42nd Session of the United Nations General Assembly in New York, New York.[16] Cannot swords be turned to plowshares? Can we and all nations not live in peace? In our obsession with antagonisms of the moment, we often forget how much unites all the members of humanity. Perhaps we need some outside, universal threat to make us recognize this common bond. I occasionally think how quickly our differences world-wide would vanish if we were facing an alien threat from outside this world. And yet, I ask you, is not an alien force already among us? What could be more alien than war and the threat of war? The popular anti-war song “The Vine and Fig Tree” repeats the verse[17] And everyone neath their vine and fig tree shall live in peace and unafraid, Everyone neath their vine and fig tree shall live in peace and unafraid. And into ploughshares beat their swords Nations shall learn war no more. And into ploughshares beat their swords Nations shall learn war no more. The song “The End of the Innocence” by Don Henley (1989) uses the Joel inverted version of the phrase: O’ beautiful, for spacious skies But now those skies are threatening They’re beating plowshares into swords For this tired old man that we elected king “Heal the World” by Michael Jackson (1991): Create a world with no fear Together we’ll cry happy tears See the nations turn Their swords into plowshares Finale of the musical Les Misérables: They will live again in freedom In the garden of the Lord. They will walk behind the ploughshare, They will put away the sword. The chain will be broken And all men will have their reward. A poem by Israeli poet Yehuda Amichai: Don’t stop after beating the swords into plowshares, don’t stop! Go on beating and make musical instruments out of them. Whoever wants to make war again will have to turn them into plowshares first. See also Anti-war movement Operation Plowshare Plowshares Movement Guns vs butter Tactical to Practical Atomic gardening References Templar, Simon (11 October 2015). “Civilian Shermans: after the war – they went to work…” Retrieved 11 June 2017. Spoelstra, Hanno. “Shermans into ploughshares”. web.inter.nl.net. Retrieved 11 June 2017. “The Swords And Ploughshares Museum”. http://www.calnan.com. Retrieved 11 June 2017. “BBC NEWS – Monitoring – Media reports – Ukraine turns tank into tractor”. news.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 11 June 2017. Spoelstra, Hanno. “Shermans into ploughshares”. web.inter.nl.net. Retrieved 11 June 2017. “More Than Music: Peter Tosh And His M16 Rifle Guitar”. Retrieved 11 June 2017. UNODC. “UNODC Perspectives No. 3 – Escopetarra: Instrument of peace”. http://www.unodc.org. Retrieved 11 June 2017. United States Department of State, Bureau of Arms Control, Verification and Compliance; United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industry and Security (May 2004). “Introduction to Industry Implementation of the Chemical Weapons Convention” (PDF). cwc.gov. Gilman A (May 1963). “The initial clinical trial of nitrogen mustard”. Am. J. Surg. 105 (5): 574–8. doi:10.1016/0002-9610(63)90232-0. PMID 13947966. Kleinman, Zoe (2018). “Illegal guns turned into headphones”. BBC News. Retrieved 2018-01-15. Paul, Ron (17 July 2015). “Swords into Plowshares”. Ron Paul Institute for Peace and Prosperity. Retrieved 11 June 2017 – via Amazon. United Press International (UPI) (20 January 1973). “Protestors’ shouts mar inaugural ceremonies”. Retrieved 18 October 2017. http://time.com/4639596/inauguration-day-presidents-bible-passages/ Ross, Scott (21 January 2013). “Obama’s Inaugural Bibles: Lincoln, MLK”. NBC 6 South Florida. Retrieved 18 October 2017. Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States, Jimmy Carter. Office of the Federal Register. 1979. pp. 518–520. “Ronald Reagan Presidential Library Archives”. UTexas.edu. 1987-09-21. Retrieved 2013-01-01. “Greenham Common Women’s Peace Camp Songbook”. Fredsakademiet.dk. Retrieved 2013-01-01. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swords_to_ploughshares
Divine Counselor by Harry Anderson depicts a business man in his office listening intently to the wise counsel of Jesus. This print was issued & released in 1945
above it is said “each world runs its own gamut/scale/ladder from materialistic to spiritualistic” … people say that the high rises are “their pulpits” [helipad in saigon high rise] … spiritual core inside … see paul simon’s song “you can call me al” …
A man walks down the street
It’s a street in a strange world
Maybe it’s the third world
Maybe it’s his first time around
He doesn’t speak the language
He holds no currency
He is a foreign man
He is surrounded by the sound, the sound
Cattle in the marketplace
Scatter-lings and orphanages
He looks around, around
He sees angels in the architecture
Spinning in infinity
He says, “Amen!” and “Hallelujah!”
from genesis of the old testament to the gospels of the passions of the christ of the new testament …
First when there’s nothing
But a slow glowing dream
That your fear seems to hide
Deep inside your mind
All alone I have cried
Silent tears full of pride
In a world made of steel
Made of stone
Well, I hear the music
Close my eyes, feel the rhythm
Wrap around
Take a hold of my heart
What a feeling
Bein’s believin’
I can have it all
Now I’m dancing for my life
Take your passion
And make it happen
Pictures come alive
You can dance right through your life
Now I hear the music
Close my eyes, I am rhythm
In a flash
It takes hold of my heart
What a feeling
Bein’s believin’
I can have it all
Now I’m dancing for my life
irene cara, “what a feeling” from movie flashdance …
“It’s Still Rock N Roll to Me” Billy Joel@Madison Square Garden New York 11/30/16
well, people say “ở nhà tây, lấy vợ nhật, ăn cơm tầu” …
some people might be able to bridge from the hormone-driven (war, money, fame and fortune, sex, etc.) but all too practical “Madonna the material girl” (the Mother virgin mary’s child, jesus, preaches “man does not live by bread alone …” and appeals to the Father in the “lord’s prayer” for help with bread …) world to the spiritual biblical core of science (also “practical” in a spiritual kind of way: the search for a way back to the garden of eden have engaged not only jesus and muhammad and noah and moses and adam and eve but also buddha lao-tzu confucius not to mention shakespeare newton etc. … we can’t sit for too long before entropy impells us to search …) …
Alan Alda describes the approach to the series Scientific American Frontiers, for which he serv..
Brian Greene and Alan Alda Discuss Why Einstein Hated Quantum Mechanics
The Doctrine of the Mean
By Confucius
Written ca. 500 B.C.E
What Heaven has conferred is called The Nature; an accordance with this nature is called The Path of duty; the regulation of this path is called Instruction.
The path may not be left for an instant. If it could be left, it would not be the path. On this account, the superior man does not wait till he sees things, to be cautious, nor till he hears things, to be apprehensive.
There is nothing more visible than what is secret, and nothing more manifest than what is minute. Therefore the superior man is watchful over himself, when he is alone.
While there are no stirrings of pleasure, anger, sorrow, or joy, the mind may be said to be in the state of Equilibrium. When those feelings have been stirred, and they act in their due degree, there ensues what may be called the state of Harmony. This Equilibrium is the great root from which grow all the human actings in the world, and this Harmony is the universal path which they all should pursue.
Let the states of equilibrium and harmony exist in perfection, and a happy order will prevail throughout heaven and earth, and all things will be nourished and flourish.
The Great Learning
By Confucius
Written ca. 500 B.C.E
What the great learning teaches, is to illustrate illustrious virtue; to renovate the people; and to rest in the highest excellence.
The point where to rest being known, the object of pursuit is then determined; and, that being determined, a calm unperturbedness may be attained to. To that calmness there will succeed a tranquil repose. In that repose there may be careful deliberation, and that deliberation will be followed by the attainment of the desired end.
Things have their root and their branches. Affairs have their end and their beginning. To know what is first and what is last will lead near to what is taught in the Great Learning.
The ancients who wished to illustrate illustrious virtue throughout the kingdom, first ordered well their own states. Wishing to order well their states, they first regulated their families. Wishing to regulate their families, they first cultivated their persons. Wishing to cultivate their persons, they first rectified their hearts. Wishing to rectify their hearts, they first sought to be sincere in their thoughts. Wishing to be sincere in their thoughts, they first extended to the utmost their knowledge. Such extension of knowledge lay in the investigation of things.
Things being investigated, knowledge became complete. Their knowledge being complete, their thoughts were sincere. Their thoughts being sincere, their hearts were then rectified. Their hearts being rectified, their persons were cultivated. Their persons being cultivated, their families were regulated. Their families being regulated, their states were rightly governed. Their states being rightly governed, the whole kingdom was made tranquil and happy.
From the Son of Heaven down to the mass of the people, all must consider the cultivation of the person the root of everything besides.
It cannot be, when the root is neglected, that what should spring from it will be well ordered. It never has been the case that what was of great importance has been slightly cared for, and, at the same time, that what was of slight importance has been greatly cared for.
the confucian “root” and then affirmation “Let the states of equilibrium and harmony exist in perfection, and a happy order will prevail throughout heaven and earth, and all things will be nourished and flourish.” is equivalent to the biblical and metaphorical foundation of modern science … [incidentally note the similarity of the “series” tu thân, tề gia trị quốc bình thiên hạ đạt cái TAO không tên” with the newton cauchy-schawartz definition of mathematical limit
In mathematics, the limit of a sequence is the value that the terms of a sequence “tend to”.[1] If such a limit exists, the sequence is called convergent. A sequence which does not converge is said to be divergent.[2] The limit of a sequence is said to be the fundamental notion on which the whole of analysis {
Given any real number, one may easily construct a sequence that converges to that number by taking decimal approximations. For example, the sequence converges to . Note that the decimal representation is the limitof the previous sequence, defined by
]
the bridge is simple, through the hormone-driven fog, aim for “you’re ok/well; i’m ok/well” “muôn loài được bình thường sống lâu; everyone live ưell and long” …
may “you’re ok/well; i’m ok/well” “muôn loài được bình thường sống lâu; everyone live well and long” …
after camera pans to ipad like the one to^nan has, the “brothers” [one, trung, is “faked” at this point in the movie] went for a drive through city street (discussing marriage proposal to one of the girls] where one can glimse of life [“it’s a different world”
![Description Flag of the USSR Date 15 August 1980 Source http://pravo.levonevsky.org/, construction sheet: [1]. Author СССР Other versions Derivative works of this file: Communism template.svg CuartaParticiónDePolonia1939.svg Ukraine-USSR.png State Emblem of the Soviet Union.svg Colors Used colors: red rendered as RGB 205 0 0 yellow rendered as RGB 255 215 0 Soviet Union Flag Color Scheme SVG development W3C icon.svg The source code of this SVG is valid. Inkscape-yes.svg This flag was created with Inkscape. Licensing Public domain This work is not an object of copyright according to article 1259 of Book IV of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation No. 230-FZ of December 18, 2006. Shall not be objects of copyright: official documents of state government agencies and local government agencies of municipal formations, including laws, other legal texts, judicial decisions, other materials of legislative, administrative and judicial character, official documents of international organizations, as well as their official translations; state symbols and signs (flags, emblems, orders, any forms of money, and the like), as well as symbols and signs of municipal formations; works of folk art (folklore), which don't have specific authors; news reports on events and facts, which have a purely informational character (daily news reports, television programs, transportation schedules, and the like). Coat of Arms of the Russian Federation.svg Comment – This license tag is also applicable to official documents, state symbols and signs of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (union level[1]). Warning – This license tag is not applicable to drafts of official documents, proposed official symbols and signs, which can be copyrighted. Warning – This Russian official document, state symbol or sign (postage stamps, coins and banknotes mainly) may incorporate one or more works that can be copyrightable if separated from this document, symbol or sign. In such a case, this work is not an object of copyright if reused in its entirety but, at the same time, extracting specific portions from this work could constitute copyright infringement. For example, the denomination and country name must be preserved on postage stamps. ↑ Official documents, state symbols and signs of 14 other Soviet Republics are the subject of law of their legal successors. See respective license tags. Insignia This image shows a flag, a coat of arms, a seal or some other official insignia. The use of such symbols is restricted in many countries. These restrictions are independent of the copyright status. Communist symbol Legal disclaimer This image is or contains a symbol or symbols prohibited by law in the nations mentioned below, due to (variously) representations of communism, socialism, or similar governmental structures; or of parties/organizations associated with said: Ukraine's Verkhovna Rada Georgia's parliament Latvia's Saeima Lithuania's Constitutional Court passed Article 18818 of the Code of Administrative Offences Germany's Criminal Code §86a, referring to the "use of symbols of unconstitutional organizations" outside the contexts of "art or science, research or teaching" Indonesia's People's Consultative Assembly Bans no longer in effect include: Hungary: Hungarian Criminal Code 269/B.§ 1993 Moldova: LPC192/2012ro,ru Poland: Art. 256 of the Dz.U. 1997 nr 88 poz. 553 of the criminal code has removed references to imagery and now only covers promotion of communist ideas United States: had state and city laws; Supreme Court declared these unconstitutional in Stromberg v. California, 283 U.S. 359 (1931) Imagery covered may include the hammer and sickleen, red star, emblems/insignias, flags or images of leaders. This file, which was originally posted to http://pravo.levonevsky.org/, was reviewed on 11 March 2017 by the administrator or reviewer Daphne Lantier, who confirmed that it was available there under the stated license on that date.](https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg#mw-jump-to-license)
![Description Let Us Beat Swords Into Plowshares statue at the United Nations Headquarters, New York City. Photograph credit: Rodsan18 Date Source This file is lacking source information. Please edit this file's description and provide a source. Author This file is lacking author information. Licensing PD-icon.svg This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published in the United States between 1924 and 1977 without a copyright notice. See Commons:Hirtle chart for further explanation. Note that it may still be copyrighted in jurisdictions that do not apply the rule of the shorter term for US works (depending on the date of the author's death), such as Canada (50 p.m.a.), Mainland China (50 p.m.a., not Hong Kong or Macao), Germany (70 p.m.a.), Mexico (100 p.m.a.), Switzerland (70 p.m.a.), and other countries with individual treaties. Беларуская | Čeština | Deutsch | English | Español | Français | Italiano | 日本語 | Македонски | Nederlands | Português | Русский | Slovenščina | ไทย | +/− Swords to ploughshares This article is about converting military technology. For the American veterans' NPO, see Swords to Plowshares. Swords to ploughshares (or Swords to plowshares) is a concept in which military weapons or technologies are converted for peaceful civilian applications. The phrase originates from the Book of Isaiah: And many people shall go and say, Come ye, and let us go up to the mountain of the LORD, to the house of the God of Jacob; and He will teach us of His ways, and we will walk in His paths: for out of Zion shall go forth the law, and the word of the LORD from Jerusalem. And He shall judge among the nations, and shall rebuke many people: and they shall beat their swords into ploughshares, and their spears into pruning hooks: nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more.—Isaiah 2:3–4 The ploughshare (Hebrew: אֵת ’êṯ, also translated coulter) is often used to symbolize creative tools that benefit humankind, as opposed to destructive tools of war, symbolized by the sword (Hebrew: חֶרֶב ḥereḇ), a similar sharp metal tool with an arguably opposite use. In addition to the original Biblical Messianic intent, the expression "beat swords into ploughshares" has been used by disparate social and political groups. An ongoing example as of 2013 is the dismantling of nuclear weapons and the use of their contents as fuel in civilian electric power stations, the Megatons to Megawatts Program. Nuclear fission development, originally accelerated for World War II weapons needs, has been applied to many civilian purposes since its use at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, including electricity and radiopharmaceutical production. Biblical references This analogy is used several times in the Old Testament or Tanakh, in both directions, such as in the following verses: And he shall judge among the nations, and shall rebuke many people: and they shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruninghooks: nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more. Beat your plowshares into swords and your pruninghooks into spears: let the weak say, I am strong. And he shall judge among many people, and rebuke strong nations afar off; and they shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruninghooks: nation shall not lift up a sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more. An expression of this concept can be seen in a bronze statue in the United Nations garden called Let Us Beat Swords into Plowshares, a gift from the Soviet Union sculpted by Evgeniy Vuchetich, representing the figure of a man hammering a sword into the shape of a plowshare. Practical applications After World War II, military surplus AFVs were sometimes converted into bulldozers, agricultural, and logging tractors, as seen in the American television series Axe Men.[1] Two are currently preserved at the Swords and Ploughshares Museum in Canada.[2][3] French farmers sometimes used modified versions of the obsolete FT-17 tank, and similar vehicles, based on the T-34 tank, remain in widespread use in the former USSR.[4] Robert Crawford, a British agricultural engineer and collector of classic tractors, owns a Sherman tank that was adapted to plow Lincolnshire's fields in response to the shortage of crawler tractors.[5] From the 1970s onwards, several anti-war musicians play guitars made from military surplus weapons. Jamaican reggae star Pete Tosh famously owned a Stratocaster built around an M-16 rifle.[6] In the present day the Escopetarra, a guitar converted from the AK-47, is the signature instrument of César López, Souriya Sunshine and Sami Lopakka of the Finnish death metal band Sentenced.[7] Nitrogen mustard, developed from the chemical weapon mustard gas developed in World War I,[8] became the basis for the world's first chemotherapy drug, mustine, developed through the 1940s.[9] Swedish aid organization IM Swedish Development Partner launched Humanium Metal, using metal from illegal handguns to create everyday objects. First product announced was headphones by Yevo.[10] In political and popular culture Twelve term US Congressman and three time presidential candidate Ron Paul wrote a book entitled Swords into Plowshares: A Life in Wartime and a Future of Peace and Prosperity, in which he discusses growing up during World War II and living his life through war after war.[11] In his farewell address, U.S. President Dwight Eisenhower, when speaking about the military-industrial complex stated: Until the latest of our world conflicts, the United States had no armaments industry. American makers of plowshares could, with time and as required, make swords as well. But now we can no longer risk emergency improvisation of national defense; we have been compelled to create a permanent armaments industry of vast proportions. Added to this, three and a half million men and women are directly engaged in the defense establishment. We annually spend on military security more than the net income of all United States corporations. For his first and second inaugurations, U.S. President Richard Nixon took the oath of office with his hand on two family Bibles, opened to Isaiah 2:2-4.[12][13][14] In their speeches at the signing of the 1979 Egypt–Israel Peace Treaty, Jimmy Carter, Anwar Sadat, and Menachem Begin all referenced the saying in calling for peace.[15] In Ronald Reagan's Address to the 42nd Session of the United Nations General Assembly in New York, New York.[16] Cannot swords be turned to plowshares? Can we and all nations not live in peace? In our obsession with antagonisms of the moment, we often forget how much unites all the members of humanity. Perhaps we need some outside, universal threat to make us recognize this common bond. I occasionally think how quickly our differences world-wide would vanish if we were facing an alien threat from outside this world. And yet, I ask you, is not an alien force already among us? What could be more alien than war and the threat of war? The popular anti-war song "The Vine and Fig Tree" repeats the verse[17] And everyone neath their vine and fig tree shall live in peace and unafraid, Everyone neath their vine and fig tree shall live in peace and unafraid. And into ploughshares beat their swords Nations shall learn war no more. And into ploughshares beat their swords Nations shall learn war no more. The song "The End of the Innocence" by Don Henley (1989) uses the Joel inverted version of the phrase: O' beautiful, for spacious skies But now those skies are threatening They're beating plowshares into swords For this tired old man that we elected king "Heal the World" by Michael Jackson (1991): Create a world with no fear Together we'll cry happy tears See the nations turn Their swords into plowshares Finale of the musical Les Misérables: They will live again in freedom In the garden of the Lord. They will walk behind the ploughshare, They will put away the sword. The chain will be broken And all men will have their reward. A poem by Israeli poet Yehuda Amichai: Don’t stop after beating the swords into plowshares, don’t stop! Go on beating and make musical instruments out of them. Whoever wants to make war again will have to turn them into plowshares first. See also Anti-war movement Operation Plowshare Plowshares Movement Guns vs butter Tactical to Practical Atomic gardening References Templar, Simon (11 October 2015). "Civilian Shermans: after the war - they went to work..." Retrieved 11 June 2017. Spoelstra, Hanno. "Shermans into ploughshares". web.inter.nl.net. Retrieved 11 June 2017. "The Swords And Ploughshares Museum". www.calnan.com. Retrieved 11 June 2017. "BBC NEWS - Monitoring - Media reports - Ukraine turns tank into tractor". news.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 11 June 2017. Spoelstra, Hanno. "Shermans into ploughshares". web.inter.nl.net. Retrieved 11 June 2017. "More Than Music: Peter Tosh And His M16 Rifle Guitar". Retrieved 11 June 2017. UNODC. "UNODC Perspectives No. 3 - Escopetarra: Instrument of peace". www.unodc.org. Retrieved 11 June 2017. United States Department of State, Bureau of Arms Control, Verification and Compliance; United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industry and Security (May 2004). "Introduction to Industry Implementation of the Chemical Weapons Convention" (PDF). cwc.gov. Gilman A (May 1963). "The initial clinical trial of nitrogen mustard". Am. J. Surg. 105 (5): 574–8. doi:10.1016/0002-9610(63)90232-0. PMID 13947966. Kleinman, Zoe (2018). "Illegal guns turned into headphones". BBC News. Retrieved 2018-01-15. Paul, Ron (17 July 2015). "Swords into Plowshares". Ron Paul Institute for Peace and Prosperity. Retrieved 11 June 2017 – via Amazon. United Press International (UPI) (20 January 1973). "Protestors' shouts mar inaugural ceremonies". Retrieved 18 October 2017. http://time.com/4639596/inauguration-day-presidents-bible-passages/ Ross, Scott (21 January 2013). "Obama's Inaugural Bibles: Lincoln, MLK". NBC 6 South Florida. Retrieved 18 October 2017. Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States, Jimmy Carter. Office of the Federal Register. 1979. pp. 518–520. "Ronald Reagan Presidential Library Archives". UTexas.edu. 1987-09-21. Retrieved 2013-01-01. "Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp Songbook". Fredsakademiet.dk. Retrieved 2013-01-01. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swords_to_ploughshares](https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Image-UN_Swords_into_Plowshares_Statue.JPG)
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